Project

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN NIGER DELTA CRISIS

2.1 Introduction

        The chapter basically focuses on the review of relevant literatures which will adequately explain militant activities in Nigeria by taking into consideration or concentrating on the Niger Delta. There is yet not much academic work on conflict management in the Niger Delta and also study of the Amnesty Programme That is effectively looking at militancy and kidnapping in the Niger Delta from different perspectives. This review is divided into five main distinct headings. The heading are historical background of militancy and kidnapping in the Niger Delta, implication of militancy and kidnapping in Nigeria economy, effects of militancy and kidnapping on multi-national oil companies in Niger delta, causes and effects of militancy and kidnapping in Niger Delta as a region, government efforts of addressing the Niger Delta problems and then, the summary of reviews of literature which would eventually, review by briefly touching each of the aforementioned headings. The research posed to trace the historical background of Militancy and Kidnapping in Niger Delta, the origin of the problem. It will further explain the root cause of militancy and kidnapping in the Niger Delta region. This implies that the researcher will through relevant literatures take a curious peer into Niger Delta struggle since the inception of the geographical expression now known as Nigeria until the research will venture into the role of the Nigeria state in ameliorating the situation. This entails taking effective and result oriented measures towards ensuring that the militarization and criminality experienced in the region becomes pass history. Lastly, the causes and effects of militancy and kidnapping in the Niger delta as a region. It implication in Nigeria economy, and its effects on multi-national oil companies in the Niger Delta region will be critically review in this research. The aim therefore is to ascertain the real causes of militancy and kidnapping in the Niger Delta that is the origin of the problem which has now destabilized and deprived the region of her places. It effects in the region presently and in the future will be considered.

2.1.1 Historical background of militancy and kidnapping

The history of protects and conflicts of acrimony by the Niger Delta people against forced union and exploitation dates back to the period before 1957 when testimonies were in respect there of before the Willink commission of inquiry into minority fears.